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United States Patent7251760
Kim , ; et al.July 31, 2007
Title
Method for creating defect management information in an recording medium, and apparatus and medium based on said method
Abstract
This invention provides a method for creating/writing defect management information of an information recording medium and an apparatus and optical disc based on the method. In the present invention, it depends on the type of data to be reproduced whether or not defective sectors which are detected during reproduction operation are replaced with non-defective sectors. If read-out errors are detected in reproducing non-audio/video data, linear replacement algorithm is applied to the corresponding defective sectors. On the other hand, in case of audio/video data, location information of the corresponding defective sectors is just kept without any sector replacement. Therefore, this invention enables to reproduce audio/video data in real-time regardless of the presence of defective sectors and to avoid writing data to the defective sectors when new data is overwritten to the information recording medium.
Inventors:Kim; Byung-Jin (Kyunggido, KR), Kang; Ki-Won  (Seoul, KR)
Assignee:LG Electronics Inc. (Seoul, KR)
Appl. No.:10/764,019
Filed:January 23, 2004
PCT Pub Date:July 31, 2007
Foreign Application Priority Data
Mar 02, 1998 [KR] 98-007385
Current U.S. Class:714/723 714/747 
Current International Class:G11C 29/00 (20060101)
Field of Search:369/54,58,48 714/7,723,747
U.S. Patent Documents
4774700September 1988Satoh et al.
4949326August 1990Takagi et al.
5111444May 1992Fukushima et al.
5237553August 1993Fukushima et al.
5623470April 1997Asthana et al.
5715221February 1998Ito et al.
5841748November 1998Yamamuro
5883867March 1999Yamamuro
5966358October 1999Mine
6049515April 2000Yamamuro
6160778December 2000Ito et al.
6292625September 2001Gotoh et al.
Primary Examiner: Ton; David
Attorney, Agent or Firm:Lee, Hong, Degerman, Kang & Schmadeka
Parent Case Text


CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/371,450, filed on Feb. 21, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,754,860, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/259,297, filed on Mar. 1, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,564,345, which claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 1998-7385, filed on Mar. 2, 1998, the contents of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A method for creating and writing defect management information of an information recording medium, comprising the steps of: (a) detecting the presence of a defective area in an information recording medium, wherein the defective area is detected based on a number of PID errors and/or a number of error bytes in a row of a data block; (b) determining whether to move the data on the detected defective area into a replacement area as a result of step (a); and (c) creating and writing the information signifying whether the replacement of the detected defective area is made or not as a result of step (b).

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said step (a) includes a step of determining the presence of the defective area in the information recording medium by comparing the detected number of errors with a pre-specified reference number of errors.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said step (b) further determines the movement of the data recorded in the detected defective area into the replacement area based on whether or not the data on the defective area is real-time data.

4. A method according to claim 1, wherein said step (c) writes the location information of the detected defective area to other information area which is separated from a pre-specified defect management information area.

5. A method according to claim 4, further comprising the step of: updating the defect management information in said pre-specified area by moving said location information of the defective area in said other information area into said pre-specified defect management information area, when erasing of data recorded in the area containing the defective area is requested.

6. A method for creating and writing defect management information of an information recording medium, comprising the steps of: (a) detecting the presence of a defective area in an information recording medium based on data reproduced from the information recording medium; and (b) determining whether to replace the data on the detected defective area into a spare area based on type of the data, the data type being classified by whether the data is real-time data or non-real-time data, wherein the replacement is not performed if the data is real-time data while the replacement is performed if the data is non-real-time data.

7. A method according to claim 6, further comprising the step of: creating and writing the information signifying whether the replacement of the detected defective area is made or not, as a result of the determining step.

8. A method according to claim 7, wherein said creating and writing step writes the location information of the detected defective area to other information area which is separated from a pre-specified defect management information area.

9. A method according to claim 8, further comprising the step of: updating said pre-specified defect management information by moving said location information on the defective area in said other information area into said pre-specified defect management information area, when an erasing operation of data recorded in the area containing the defective area is requested.

10. An information recording medium, including defect management information in either a lead-in area followed by user data or a lead-out area preceded by the user data, wherein the defect management information includes a first information being used for controlling the replacement of a defective area with a spare area and a second information signifying whether the replacement of the defective area is performed, based on the type of the data recorded on the defective area, the data type being classified by whether the data is real-time data or non-real-time data, wherein the replacement is not performed if the data is real-time data while the replacement is performed if the data is non-real-time data.

11. An apparatus for creating and writing defect management information of an information recording medium, comprising: a detector detecting the presence of defective area in an information recording medium based on data reproduced from the information recording medium, wherein the defective area is detected based on a number of PID errors and/or a number of error bytes in a row of a data block; and; a controller determining whether to move the data on the detected defective area into a replacement area according to the detection of the presence of the defective area and creating and writing the information signifying whether the replacement of the detected defective area is made or not according to the determination.

12. An apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said detector includes a comparator comparing the detected number of errors with a pre-specified reference number of errors.

13. An apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said controller further determines the movement of the data recorded in the detected defective area into the replacement area based on whether or not the data on the detective area is real-time data.

14. An apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said controller writes the location information of the detected defective area to other information area which is separated from a pre-specified defect management information area.

15. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said controller updates the defect management information in said pre-specified area by moving said location information on the defective area in said other information area into said pre-specified defect management information area, when an erasing operation of data recorded in the area containing the defective area is requested.

16. An apparatus creating and writing defect management information of an information recording medium, comprising: a detector detecting the presence of defective area in an information recording medium based on data reproduced from the information recording medium; and a controller determining whether to move the data on the detected defective area into a replacement area based on the type of the data, the data type being classified by whether the data is real-time data or non-real-time data, wherein the replacement is not performed if the data is real-time data while the replacement is performed if the data is non-real-time data.

17. An apparatus according to claim 16, wherein said controller creates and writes the information signifying whether the replacement of the detected defective area is made or not, as a result of the determination.

18. An apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said controller writes the location information of the detected defective area to other information area which is separated from a pre-specified defect management information area.

19. An apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said controller updates said pre-specified defect management information by moving said location information on the defective area in said other information area into said pre-specified defect management information area, when an erasing operation of data recorded in the area containing the defective area is requested.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a method for managing defects which arise in an information recording medium, more particularly, to a method for creating/writing defect management information for an information recording medium, and to an apparatus and an optical disc using the method.

2. Description of the Related Art

Optical discs have come into wide use since the advent of CD (compact disc) and the demand for optical discs is expected to grow steadily with popularization of DVD (digital versatile disc). Optical discs include read-only discs such as CD-ROM and DVD-ROM, write-once discs such as CD-R and DVD-R, and rewritable discs such as CD-RW and DVD-RAM. Standard formats of CD-RW and DVD-RAM have released and standardization for VDR (video disc recorder) is in progress.

For rewritable optical discs such as DVD-RAM, defects which arise in their recording surface should be managed to achieve high reliable write/reproduction operation in a manner that data is not written to sectors in which read-out errors are detected beyond a predetermined level (hereinafter referred to as "defective" or "bad" sectors). To accomplish this, defect management is performed such that addresses of defective sectors are stored in a defect management table on the optical disc and data access to the defective sectors, write or read-out, is prohibited.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rewritable physical area of DVD-RAM has a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area. The data area is divided into contiguous 24 groups, and guard area is situated before and behind each group. Each group is made up of a user area for recording data and a spare area which provides a storage area in place of defective portion of the user area.

The data area is also made up of a plurality of blocks, each of which consists of 16 sectors. The position of each sector is specified by a physical address which is given uniquely to each sector. When data is recorded, LSN (logical sector number) is assigned sequentially to every sector except defective ones.

Defect management information, or physical addresses of defective sectors within the data area are stored in DMA (defective management area), which is provided in four places, two in lead-in area and the other two in lead-out area, as shown in FIG. 1, to protect against the defects which may arise in the four DMA themselves.

The DMA is made up of two ECC (error correction code) blocks, or 32 sectors. The first ECC block consists of one sector for DDS (disc definition structure) and 15 other sectors for PDL (primary defect list). Sixteen sectors of the second ECC block are used for SDL (secondary defect list).

The examples of DDS, PDL, and SDL are illustrated in tables 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 DDS structure Size (in location byte) contents 0
 
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