REGISTER  |  SIGN IN
United States Patent5963704
Mimura , ; et al.October 5, 1999
Title
Recording medium, apparatus and method for recording data on the recording medium, apparatus and method for reproducing data from the recording medium
Abstract
A method to form a menu of video data as the background image of the menu and sub-picture data made of an selection item of the menu, alters highlight information for the selection item of the sub-picture data, thereby easily forming various menu. Specifically, a button area for surrounding the selection item and the action item represented by the sub-picture data is provided, and the color and contract of the pattern pixel, background pixel and highlighted pixel as pixel data in the button area are variously altered.
Inventors:Mimura; Hideki (Yokohama, JP), Kurano; Tomoaki  (Yokohama, JP), Kikuchi; Shinichi  (Yokohama, JP), Taira; Kazuhiko  (Yokohama, JP)
Assignee:Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Kawasaki, JP)
Appl. No.:09/116,831
Filed:July 17, 1998
Foreign Application Priority Data
Apr 14, 1995 [JP] 7-114018
Current U.S. Class:386/95 386/126 
Field of Search:386/95,96,104,105,111,112,125,126,121,83,98,46 369/32 348/468
U.S. Patent Documents
4305131December 1981Best
4333152June 1982Best
4569026February 1986Best
4979159December 1990Tsuruoka
4989097January 1991Yoshio
5010417April 1991Yoshio
5016113May 1991Yamashita
5043826August 1991Yoshio
5063551November 1991Yoshio
5065252November 1991Yoshio
5089899February 1992Nomura
5097349March 1992Nomura
5233438August 1993Funahashi
5237426August 1993Daito
5237648August 1993Mills
5243582September 1993Yamauchi
5245600September 1993Yamauchi
5253120October 1993Endoh
5270828December 1993Mogi
5280572January 1994Case
5282186January 1994Yoshio
5384674January 1995Nishida et al.
5400077March 1995Cookson
5434678July 1995Abecassis
5479266December 1995Young et al.
5543925August 1996Timmermans
5546191August 1996Hibbi et al.
5596564January 1997Fukushima et al.
5619338April 1997Nakai et al.
5636200June 1997Taira et al.
5646796July 1997Kimura et al.
Foreign Patent Documents
1221072Sep., 1989JP
1241083Sep., 1989JP
1273275Nov., 1989JP
2287990Nov., 1990JP
3134883Jun., 1991JP
3220671Sep., 1991JP
4245091Sep., 1992JP
4324165Nov., 1992JP
440408Aug., 1991EP
546189Jun., 1993EP
628780Feb., 1994JP
63-43480Feb., 1988JP
633560Jan., 1995EP
661888Dec., 1993EP
677842Oct., 1995EP
7130102May., 1995JP
93923665Aug., 1996EP
WO 86/01063Feb., 1986WO
WO 94/07332Mar., 1994WO
WO94/30014Dec., 1994WO
Other References
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Publication No. 5-250418, Date of Publication of Application--Sep. 28, 1993. .
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Publication No. 6-12834, Date of Publication of Application--Jan. 21, 1994. .
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Publication No. 06302163 A, Date of Publication of Application--Oct. 28, 1994. .
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Publication No. 06319125 A, Date of Publication of Application--Nov. 15, 1994. .
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Publication No. Hei 8-149407, Date of Publication of Application--Jun. 7, 1996..~
Primary Examiner: Nguyen; Huy T.
Attorney, Agent or Firm:Pillsbury Madison & Sutro LLP
Parent Case Text


This is a division of application Ser. No. 08/635,245, filed Apr. 12, 1996.
Claims

What is claimed is:
1. An encoding method for encoding data to be recorded in an information recording medium, said recording medium having a data recording area for recording a video manager and at least one video title set, said video manager having data for controlling said video title set and said video title set containing video data, audio data, and sub-picture data, said encoding method comprising:
receiving said video data, said audio data, and said sub-picture data;
encoding said video data, said audio data, and said sub-picture data;
dividing contents of said encoded video, audio, and sub-picture data into corresponding one or more video packs, one or more audio packs, and one or more sub-picture packs;
arranging said video packs, audio packs, and sub-picture packs and appending a navigation pack to define a video object unit, wherein said navigation pack includes playback control data and is disposed at a beginning position within said video object unit;
arranging a plurality of said video object units to define each of a plurality of video object sets;
arranging a plurality of said video object sets to define said video title set,
wherein at least one of said video manager and said video title set contains menu information, said menu information including a menu background image, at least one menu selection item image for indicating a selection of a menu item, and at least one menu status button for indicating a status of a selection,
wherein said playback control data includes highlight information for highlighting said menu status button,
wherein said highlight information contains highlight general information describing attributes of said highlight information including a highlight start time during a presentation period of said video object unit, number of numerical selection button information, forcedly selected button number information at said highlight start time, and forcedly activated button number information at an end time of a button selection, said highlight information also containing a menu status button color information table describing color attributes of said menu status button and a menu status button information table having menu status button information, and
wherein said menu status button information includes,
status button position information for indicating a position corresponding to said menu status button,
adjacent status button information for describing a direction of a next selection for said menu status button, and
status button command for describing a status command to be executed when said menu status button is activated to reproduce a title which is designated according to said status button command.
Description


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to a recording medium such as an optical disk for recording data corresponding to different objects and to different types of compressed dynamic images and, voice data, an apparatus for recording the data on the recording medium, a method of recording the data on the recording medium, an apparatus for reproducing the data from the recording medium and a method of reproducing the data from the recording medium.

2. Description of the Related Art

Conventionally, when a menu is provided in video image data, a selection item is superimposed on a displayed image using a character generator of how a reproducing apparatus irrespective of the image or image data including the selection item is prepared.

When the number of character codes corresponding to a selection item (or an action item) is contained in the video data, the reproducing apparatus can determine and display a position using the character generator. The display color of the character generator corresponding to the selection item represented by selected number can be altered when a user's selection is made. Hence, selected result can be recognized by the user. However, according to the video data, the conventional system has disadvantages in that the content and the language for displaying the selection item are not known, and the preparation of the character generator corresponding to the reproducing apparatus is actually impossible.

When menu data is formed as the video image, the only burden on the reproducing apparatus is to recognize the selection item corresponding to the user's selected result. It is therefore necessary to call and display new image data corresponding to the selection number. Hence, it takes extended time to display the new image for the recognition and user's erroneous operation will result.

Specifically, when the image data including the selection result is prepared, it is necessary to prepare the following three video data:

(a) video data of the state that any of the selection items "1. ABCDC" and "2. XYZ" is selected.

(b) video data of the state that selection item "2. XYZ" is selected, and

(c) video data of the state that selection item "2. XYZ" is selected. The reproducing apparatus selects necessary image data for reproduction in response to the user's selected result, and hence a menu screen reflecting the user's selected result.

However, when a new reproducing process is executed, it takes several seconds until the menu screen reflecting the user's selections results. Therefore, it is disadvantageous in that the user is not able to select for a queue time, causing an increase in the possibility of executing erroneously.

When the selection item of the menu is displayed as the image data for forming the menu on the reproducing apparatus, only the video data having no corresponding selection item may be prepared, the selection item to be used for forming the menu is simultaneously recorded on the corresponding character code. Hence, the selection item selected in response to the menu is determined at the reproducing apparatus side.

However, the size, the shape and the language of the character to be represented as the selection item are all determined according to the capacity of the reproducing apparatus. Thus, a tile manufacturer side for forming the menu can form only menu screen having a limit, and it has a disadvantage that the load is increased in the reproducing apparatus.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of present invention is to provide a reproducing apparatus, which can respond responsively to the users selected result with small real time burden on the apparatus by utilizing video data having video data and sub-picture data.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a reproducing apparatus in which various menus can be easily formed by altering highlight information corresponding to the selection item (or action item) of a sub-picture image, namely the color and the contrast of the character according to the video data as the background image of the menu and the sub-picture data of the selection item (or action item) of the menu.

To accomplish the foregoing objects according to the present invention, there is provided a recording medium comprising: a management area formed on a partial area and a data area formed on the other area; the data area recording at least one video data and at least one sub-picture data capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data; at least one menu information corresponding to various contents of the video data to be used for confirming or selecting recorded by the video data and the sub-picture data; the video data constituting the menu information being a background image and the sub-picture data being an selection item or an action item; control data of the selection item or the action item composed of the sub-picture data being recorded on the data area corresponding to the video data.

Further, according to another preferred aspect, there is provided a recording apparatus for recording at least one video data and at least one sub-picture data capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data on the data area of a recording medium having a management area on a partial area and a data area on the other area comprising: first supply means for supplying as the video data a background image of at least one menu information corresponding to various contents of the video data used in the case of confirming or selecting the content of the video data; second supply means for supplying sub-picture data as the selection item or the action item of the menu information capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data; first encoding means for encoding the video data supplied from the first supply means; second encoding means for encoding the sub-picture data supplied from the second supply means; designating means for designating the control content of the selection item or the action item of the menu information; generating means for generating the control data of the selection item or the action item designation by the designating means; and recording means for recording the video data encoded by the first encoding means, the sub-picture data encoded by the second encoding means and the control data generated by the generating means on the data area of the recording medium.

According to still another preferred aspect, there is provided a recording apparatus for recording at least one video data, at least one sub-picture data capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data and at least on audio data capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data on a data area of a recording medium having a management area on a partial area and the data area on the other area comprising: first supply means for supplying as the video data a background image of at least one menu information corresponding to various contents of the video data used in the case of confirming or selecting the content of the video data; second supply means for supplying sub-picture data as the selection item or the action item of the menu information capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data; third supply means for supplying audio data corresponding to the video data capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data; first encoding means for encoding the video data supplied from the first supply means; second encoding means for encoding the sub-picture data supplied from the second supply means; third encoding means for encoding audio data supplied by the third supply means; designating means for designating the control content of the selection item or the action item of the menu information; generating means for generating a control data of the selection item or the action item designated by the designating means; and recording means for recording the video data encoded by the first encoding means, the sub-picture data encoded by the second encoding means, audio data encoded by the third encoding means and the control data generated by the generating means on the data area of the recording medium.

According to still another preferred aspect, there is provided a reproducing apparatus for reproducing video data and sub-picture data from a recording medium formed with a management area on the partial area and a data area on the other area, recorded on the data area with at least one video data and at least sub-picture image and control data capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data, recorded with background image of at least one menu information corresponding to various content of the video data to be used in the case of confirming or selecting the content of the video data on the video data, recorded with selection item or action item of the menu information as sub-picture data and recorded with the control information of the selection item or the action item of the menu information as control data comprising: reading means for reading the video data, the sub-picture data and the control data of the data area of the recording medium; and converting means for converting the video data read by the reading means and converting the sub-picture data read by the reading means based on the control data read by the reading means.

According to still another preferred aspect, there is provided a reproducing apparatus for reproducing video data and sub-picture data from a recording medium formed with a management area on the partial area and a data area on the other area, recorded on the data area with at least one video data and at least sub-picture image at least one audio data and at least one control data capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data, recorded with background image of at least one menu information corresponding to various content of the video data to be used in the case of confirming or selecting the content of the video data on the video data, recorded with selection item or action item of the menu information as sub-picture data and audio data and recorded with the control information of the selection item or the action item of the menu information as control data comprising: reading means for reading the video data, the sub-picture data, audio data and the control data of the data area of the recording medium; and converting means for converting the video data read by the reading means and audio data as reproduced output and converting the sub-picture data read by the reading means based on the control data read by the reading means.

According to still another preferred aspect, there is provided a communicating system for reading video data and sub-picture data from a recording medium formed with a management area on the partial area and a data area on the other area, recorded on the data area with at least one video data and at least sub-picture data and control data capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data, recorded with background image of at least one menu information corresponding to various content of the video data to be used in the case of confirming or selecting the content of the video data on the video data, recorded with selection item or action item of the menu information as sub-picture data and recorded with the control information of the selection item or the action item of the menu information as control data and externally communicating the same comprising: reading means for reading the video data, the sub-picture data and the control data of the data area of the recording medium; communicating means for communicating the video data, the sub-picture data and the control data read by the reading means to the exterior; and converting means for converting the video data communicated by the communicating means into reproduced output and converting the sub-picture data communicated by the communicating means based on the control data read communicated by the communicating means into the reproduced output.

According to still another preferred aspect, there is also provided a communicating system for reading video data and sub-picture data from a recording medium formed with a management area on the partial area and a data area on the other area, recorded on the data area with at least one video data and at least sub-picture data at least one audio data and at least one control data capable of being reproduced in the same time zone as the video data, recorded with background image of at least one menu information corresponding to various content of the video data to be used in the case of confirming or selecting the content of the video data on the video data, recorded with selection item or action item of the menu information as sub-picture data and audio data and recorded with the control information of the selection item or the action item of the menu information as control data and communicating the same to the exterior comprising: reading means for reading the video data, the sub-picture data, audio data and the control data of the data area of the recording medium; communicating means for communicating the video data, the sub-picture data, audio data and the control data read by the reading means; and converting means for converting the video data communicated by the communicating means and audio data into reproduced output and converting the video data read and audio data communicated by the communicating means into reproduced output and converting the sub-picture data read based on the control data communicated by the communicating means.

Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description, which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate a presently preferred embodiment of the invention and, together with the general description given above and the detailed description of the preferred embodiment given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an optical disk apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the mechanical section of the disk drive unit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of an optical disk loaded in the disk drive unit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a key/display section in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a remote controller in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 shows the structure of the logic format of the optical disk of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 shows the structure of the video manager of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 shows an example of the structure of the video object set (VOBS) shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a diagram to help explain the structure of the video object unit of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 shows the parameters and contents of the video manager information management table information (VMGI.sub.-- MAT) in the video manager (VMGI) of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 shows the structure of the title search pointer table (TT.sub.-- SRPT) in the video manager information (VMGI) of FIG. 7;

FIG. 12 shows the parameters and contents of the title search pointer table information (TT.sub.-- SRPTI) in the title search pointer table (TT.sub.-- SRPT) of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 shows the parameters and contents of the title search pointer (TT.sub.-- SRP) corresponding to the input number in the title search pointer table (TT.sub.-- SRPT) of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 depicts the structure of a video manager menu Program Chain Information (PGCI) unit table (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 15 illustrates the parameters and contents of video manager menu PGCI unit table information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UTI) in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 illustrates the parameters and contents of a video manager menu language unit search pointer (VMGM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- SRP) in FIG. 14;

FIG. 17 shows the structure of video manager menu language unit (VMGM.sub.-- LU) in FIG. 14;

FIG. 18 depicts the parameters and contents of video manager menu language unit information (VMGM.sub.-- LUI);

FIG. 19 illustrates the parameters and contents of video manager menu PGC information search pointer (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SRP);

FIG. 20 illustrates the structure of the video title set of FIG. 6;

FIG. 21 shows the parameters and contents of the video title set information management table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) of the video title set information (VTSI) of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 illustrates the contents of the attribute (VTS.sub.-- AST.sub.-- ATR) of an audio stream of a video title set (VTS) in FIG. 6;

FIG. 23 illustrates the contents of the sub-picture stream attribute (VTS.sub.-- SPST.sub.-- ATR) of the video title set (VTS) in FIG. 6;

FIG. 24 illustrates the structure of the video title set program chain information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) of the video title set (VTS) of FIG. 20;

FIG. 25 shows the parameters and contents of the information (VTS.sub.-- PGCITI) in the video title set program chain information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) of FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 shows the parameters and contents of the search pointer (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT.sub.-- SRP) corresponding to the program chain in the video title set program chain information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) of FIG. 24;

FIG. 27 illustrates the structure of the program chain information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) in the video set corresponding to the program chain in the video title set program chain information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) of FIG. 24;

FIG. 28 shows the parameters and contents of the program chain general information (PGC.sub.-- GI) in the program chain information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) of FIG. 27;

FIG. 29 shows the structure of a category (PGC.sub.-- CAT) of a program chain (PGC) of general information (PGC.sub.-- GI) of the program chain in FIG. 28;

FIG. 30 shows the structure of the contents (PGC.sub.-- CNT) of the general information (PGC.sub.-- GI) of the program chain in FIG. 28;

FIG. 31 illustrates the structure of a program chain map (PGC.sub.-- PGMAP) of the program chain information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) of FIG. 27;

FIG. 32 shows the parameters and contents of the entry cell numbers (ECELLN) corresponding to the programs written in the program chain map (PGC.sub.-- PGMAP) of FIG. 31;

FIG. 33 illustrates the structure of the cell playback information table (C.sub.-- PBIT) of the program chain information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) of FIG. 27;

FIG. 34 shows the parameters and contents of the cell playback information (C.sub.-- PBI) of FIG. 33;

FIG. 35 illustrates the structure of the cell position information (C.sub.-- POSI) in the program chain information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) of FIG. 28;

FIG. 36 shows the parameters and contents of the cell position information (C.sub.-- POSI) of FIG. 35;

FIG. 37 shows the structure of a video title set menu PGCI unit table (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) in FIG. 20;

FIG. 38 depicts the structure of video title set menu PGCI unit table information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UTI) in FIG. 37;

FIG. 39 shows the structure of a video title set menu PGCI language unit search pointer (VTSM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- SRP) in FIG. 37;

FIG. 40 illustrates the structure of a video title set menu language unit (VTSM.sub.-- LU) in FIG. 37;

FIG. 41 illustrates the structure of video title set menu language unit information (VTSM.sub.-- LUI) in FIG. 37;

FIG. 42 illustrates the parameters and contents of a video title set menu PGC information search pointer (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SRP);

FIG. 43 illustrates the structure of the navigation pack of FIG. 8;

FIG. 44 illustrates the structure of the video pack, audio pack, sub-picture pack, or VBI pack of FIG. 8;

FIG. 45 shows the parameters and contents of the playback control information (PCI) in the navigation pack of FIG. 43;

FIG. 46 shows the parameters and contents of the general information (PCI.sub.-- GI) in the playback control information (PCI) of FIG. 45;

FIG. 47 shows the parameters and contents of the angle information (NSML.sub.-- AGLI) in the playback control information (PCI) of FIG. 45;

FIG. 48 is a diagram to help explain how to change the angle using the angle information (NSML.sub.-- AGLI) in the playback control information (PCI) of FIG. 47;

FIG. 49 is a view showing a valid period of highlight information of each sub-picture stream for a reproducing period of one sub-picture image unit;

FIG. 50 is a view for explaining a video image, a sub-picture, highlight information and mixing image formed from them;

FIG. 51 illustrates parameter and content of the highlight information (HLI) in reproduction control information (PCI) shown in FIG. 45;

FIG. 52 is a view for explaining content of highlight information (HLI) shown in FIG. 51;

FIG. 53 illustrates parameter and content of highlight general information (HL.sub.-- GI) in highlight information (HLI) shown in FIG. 51;

FIG. 54 is a view showing a configuration of a button color information table (BTN.sub.-- COLIT) in highlight information (HLI) shown in FIG. 51;

FIG. 55 is a view showing the detail of description content of selection color information (SL.sub.-- COLI) shown in FIG. 54;

FIG. 56 is a view showing the detail of description content of action color information (AC.sub.-- COLI) shown in FIG. 54;

FIG. 57 is a view showing the detail of description content of button information table (BTNIT) in highlight information (HLI) shown in FIG. 51;

FIG. 58 is a view showing the detail of description content of button position information (BTN.sub.-- POSI) in button information (BTNI) shown in FIG. 57;

FIG. 59 shows the parameters and contents of the data search information (DSI) in the navigation pack of FIG. 43;

FIG. 60 shows the parameters and contents of the DSI general information (DSI.sub.-- GI) in the data search information of FIG. 59;

FIG. 61 shows the parameters and contents of the angle information (SML.sub.-- AGLI) in the data search information of FIG. 59;

FIG. 62 is a diagram to help explain how to change the angle using the angle information (SML.sub.-- AGLI) in the data search information (DSI) of FIG. 61;

FIG. 63 shows the parameters and contents of the search information (VOBU.sub.-- SRI) for the video object unit (VOBU) of FIG. 59;

FIG. 64 illustrates bit maps describing the forward addresses (FWDA) of the search information (VOBU.sub.-- SRI) on the video object unit (VOBU) of FIG. 59;

FIG. 65 illustrates bit maps describing the backward addresses (BWDA) of the search information (VOBU.sub.-- SRI) on the video object unit (VOBU) of FIG. 59;

FIG. 66 shows the parameters and contents of the synchronizing playback information (SYNCI) on the video object unit (VOBU) of FIG. 59;

FIG. 67 illustrates the configuration of sub-picture unit;

FIG. 68 illustrates parameter and content of sub-picture unit header (SPUH) of sub-picture unit shown in FIG. 67;

FIG. 69 illustrates parameter and content of display control sequence table of sub-picture unit shown in FIG. 67;

FIG. 70 illustrates parameter and content of display control sequence (DCSQ) shown in FIG. 69;

FIG. 71 illustrates a packet transmit dispose section;

FIG. 72 illustrates the configuration of a highlight processor section;

FIGS. 73 and 74 present flowcharts for detecting the total number of titles on an optical disk, the number of chapters (programs) for each title, the number and languages of audio streams for each title, and the number and languages of sub-picture streams for each title;

FIG. 75 is a diagram exemplifying what is stored in a memory table;

FIG. 76 is a diagram showing an example of the reproduced image of a main menu;

FIGS. 77A through 77E show examples of the reproduced images of a title menu, a chapter menu, an audio menu, a sub-picture menu and an angle menu;

FIG. 78 shows a flowchart showing the processing sequence when the menu is reproduced;

FIGS. 79A to 79D and 80A to 80E are views for explaining video, sub-picture, highlight information and a combined image of them;

FIGS. 81A and 81B are views showing a pattern pixel and highlight pixel in sub-picture data;

FIGS. 82, 83 and 84 are flowcharts of the procedure for reproducing the video data in the normal mode from an optical disk having logic formats shown in FIGS. 6 to 66;

FIG. 85 is a flowchart of the procedure for changing the angle during playback of the video data from an optical disk having logic formats shown in FIGS. 6 to 66;

FIG. 86 is a block diagram of an encoder system that encodes the video data and generates a video file;

FIG. 87 is a flowchart for an encoding process of FIG. 86;

FIG. 88 is a flowchart for combining the video data, audio data, and sub-picture data all encoded according to the flow of FIG. 87 to create a video data file;

FIG. 89 is a block diagram of a disk formatter system that records the formatted video files on an optical disk;

FIG. 90 is a flowchart for creating logic data to be recorded on a disk in the disk formatter of FIG. 89;

FIG. 91 is a flowchart for creating from the logic data the physical data to be recorded on a disk; and

FIG. 92 is a schematic diagram of a system that transfers the video title set of FIG. 6 via a communication route.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Hereinafter, referring to the accompanying drawings, an optical disk reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an optical disk reproducing apparatus that reproduces the data from an optical disk associated with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the disk drive section that drives the optical disk shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows the structure of the optical disk shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the optical disk reproducing apparatus comprises a key/display section 4, a monitor section 6, and a speaker section 8. When the user operates the key/display section 4, this causes the recorded data to be reproduced from an optical disk 10. The recorded data contains video data (main-picture data), sub-picture data, and audio data, which are converted into video signals and audio signals. The monitor section 6 displays images according to the audio signals and the speaker section 8 generates sound according to the audio signals.

It is known that the optical disk 10 is available with various structures. For instance, one type of the optical disk 10 is a read-only disk on which data is recorded with a high density as shown in FIG. 3. The optical disk 10, as shown in FIG.
3, is made up of a pair of composite layers 18 and an adhesive layer 20 sandwiched between the composite disk layers 18. Each of the composite disk layers 18 is composed of a transparent substrate 14 and a recording layer or a light-reflecting layer 16. The disk layer 18 is arranged so that the light-reflecting layer 16 may be in contact with the surface of the adhesive layer 20. A center hole 22 is made in the optical disk 10. On the periphery of the center hole 22 on both sides, clamping areas 24
are provided which are used to clamp the optical disk 10 during its rotation. When the disk 10 is loaded in the optical disk apparatus, the spindle of a spindle motor 12 shown in FIG. 2 is inserted into the center hole 22. As long as the disk is being rotated, it continues clamped at the clamping areas 24.

As shown in FIG. 3, the optical disk 10 has an information zone 25 around the clamping zone 24 on each side, the information zone allowing information to be recorded on the optical disk 10. In the information zone 25, the outer circumference area is determined to be a lead-out area 26 in which no information is normally recorded, the inner circumference area adjoining the clamping area 24 is determined to be a lead-in area 27 in which no information is normally recorded, and the area between the lead-out area 26 and the lead-in area 27 is determined to be a data recording area 28.

At the recording layer 16 in the information area 25, a continuous spiral track is normally formed as an area in which data is to be recorded. The continuous track is divided into a plurality of physical sectors, which are assigned serial numbers. On the basis of the sectors, data is recorded. The data recording area 28 in the information recording area 25 is an actual data recording area, in which management data, video data, sub-picture data, and audio data are recorded in the form of pits (that is, in the form of changes in the physical state) as explained later. With the read-only optical disk 10, a train of pits is previously formed in the transparent substrate 14 by a stamper, a reflecting layer is formed by evaporation on the surface of the transparent substrate 14 in which the pit train is formed, and the reflecting layer serves as the recording layer 16. In the read-only optical disk 10, a groove is normally not provided as a track and the pit train in the surface of the transparent substrate 14 serves as a track.

The optical disk apparatus 12, as shown in FIG. 1, further comprises a disk drive section 30, a system CPU section 50, a system ROM/RAM section 52, a system processor section 54, a data RAM section 56, a video decoder section 58, an audio decoder section 60, a sub-picture decoder section 62, and a D/A and data reproducing section 64, and the menu generator 56. The system processor section 54 is provided with a system time clock (STC) 54A and a register 54B. The video decoder section 58, audio decoder section 60, and sub-picture decoder section 62 are also provided with system time clocks (STC) 58A, 60A, 62A, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 2, the disk drive section 30 contains a motor driving circuit 11, a spindle motor 12, an optical head 32 (i.e., an optical pickup), a feed motor 33, a focus circuit 36, a feed motor driving circuit 37, a tracking circuit 38, a head amplifier 40, and a servo processing circuit 44. The optical disk 10 is placed on the spindle motor 12 driven by the motor driving circuit 11 and is rotated by the spindle motor 12. The optical head 32 is located under the optical disk 10; it projects a laser beam on the optical disk 10. The optical head 32 is placed on a guide mechanism (not shown). The feed motor driving circuit 37 is provided to supply a driving signal to the feed motor 33. The motor 33 is driven by the driving signal and moves the optical head 32 in and out across the radius of the optical disk 10. The optical head 32 is provided with an object lens 34 positioned so as to face the optical disk 10. The object lens 34 is moved according to the driving signal supplied from the focus circuit 36 so as to move along its optical axis.

To reproduce the data from the above optical disk, the optical head 32 projects a laser beam on the optical disk 10 via the object lens 34. The object lens 34 is moved little by little across the radius of the optical disk 10 according to the driving signal supplied from the tracking circuit 38. Furthermore, the object lens 34 is moved along its optical axis according to the driving signal supplied from the focusing circuit 36 so that its focal point may be positioned on the recording layer
16 of the optical disk 10. This causes the laser beam to form the smallest beam spot on the spiral track (i.e., the pit train), enabling the beam spot to trace the track. The laser beam is reflected from the recording layer 16 and returned to the optical head 32. The optical head 32 converts the beam reflected from the optical disk 10 into an electric signal, which is supplied from the optical head 32 to the servo processing circuit 44 via the head amplifier 40. From the electric signal, the servo processing circuit 44 produces a focus signal, a tracking signal, and a motor control signal which it supplies these signals to the focus circuit 36, tracking circuit 38, and motor driving circuit 11, respectively.

Therefore, the object lens 34 is moved along its optical axis and across the radius of the optical disk 10; its focal point is positioned on the recording layer 16 of the optical disk 10, the laser beam forming the smallest beam spot on the spiral track. Furthermore, the spindle motor 12 is rotated by the motor driving circuit 11 at a specific rotating speed.

This allows the beam to track at, for example, a constant linear speed.

The system CPU section 50 of FIG. 1 supplies a control signal serving as an access signal to the servo processing circuit 44. In response to the control signal, the servo processing circuit 44 supplies a head-moving signal to the feed motor driving circuit 37, which supplies a driving signal to the feed motor 33. Then, the feed motor 33 is driven, causing the optical head 32 to move across the radius of the optical disk 10. Then, the optical head 32 accesses a specific sector formed at the recording layer 16 of the optical disk 10. The data is reproduced from the specific sector by the optical head 32, which then supplies it to the head amplifier 40. The head amplifier 40 amplifies the reproduced data, which is outputted at the disk drive section 30.

The reproduced data is transferred and stored in a data RAM section 56 by the system processor section 54 which is controlled by the system CPU section 50 which is operated in accordance with the programs stored in the system ROM/RAM section 52. The stored reproduced data is processed at the system processor section 54, which sorts the data into video data, audio data, and sub-picture data, which are supplied to the video decoder section 58, audio decoder section 60, and sub-picture decoder section 62, respectively, decoded at the respective decoders. The D/A and data-reproducing section 64 converts the decoded video data, audio data, and sub-picture data into an analog video signal, an analog audio signal, and an analog sub-picture signal, subjects these signal to a mixing process, and supplies the resulting video signal and sub-picture signal to the monitor 6 and the resulting audio signal to the speaker 8. Then, an image is displayed on the monitor section 6 on the basis of the video signal and sub-picture signal, and sound is simultaneously reproduced at the speaker section 8 according to the audio signal.

In the optical disk reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, as a user manipulates the key/display section 4 on the front panel of the main body or the remote controller 5 as a remote terminal connected to the remote control receive section 4A via optical communications using infrared rays, recorded data (i.e., video data, sub-picture data and audio data) is reproduced from the optical disk 10. The reproduced data is converted to an audio signal and video signal in the apparatus. The video signal is reproduced as a video image on the external monitor section 6, and the audio signal is reproduced as from the speaker section 8.

As shown in FIG. 4, the key/display section 4 comprises a power key 4a, microphone input terminals 4b, a playback key 4c, a pause key 4d, a stop key 4e, fast forward and rewind keys 4f, an open/close key 4g for instructing the loading or ejecting of the optical disk 10, indicators 4h, and a load/eject slot 4i for the optical disk 10.

As shown in FIG. 5, the remote controller 5 comprises a power key 5a, numeral keys 5b, a stop key 5c, a playback key 5d, a pause key 5e, a memory key 5f, an open/close key 5g for instructing the loading or ejecting of the optical disk 10, fast forward and rewind keys 5h and 5i, repeat keys 5j for instructing repeating and the repeat range, a menu key 5k for instructing the display of a menu screen, a title key 5k for instructing the display of a title menu screen, and up and down and right and left select keys 5m which are used to select an item on the displayed menu screen.

The detailed operation of the optical disk apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described later with reference to the logic format of the optical disk explained below.

The data recording area 28 between the lead-in area 27 and the lead-out area 26 on the optical disk of FIG. 1 has a volume and file structure as shown in FIG. 6. The structure has been determined in conformity to specific logic format standards, such as Micro UDF or ISO 9660. The data recording area 28 is physically divided into a plurality of sectors as described earlier. These physical sectors are assigned serial numbers. In the following explanation, a logical address means a logical sector number (LSN) as determined in Micro UDF or ISO 9660. Like a physical sector, a logical sector contains 2048 bytes. The numbers (LSN) of logical sectors are assigned consecutively in ascending order as the physical sector number increments.

As shown in FIG. 6, the volume and file structure is a hierarchic structure and contains a volume and file structure area 70, a video manager (VMA) 71, at least one video title set (VTS) #i 72, and another recorded area 73. These areas 70, 71,
72, 73 are aligned with the boundaries between logical sectors. As with a conventional CD, a logical sector is defined as a set of 2048 bytes. Accordingly, one logical sector corresponds to one logical block.

The volume and file structure area 70 corresponds to a management area determined in Micro UDF or ISO 9660. According to the description in the management area, the video manager 71 is stored in the system ROM/RAM section 52. With reference to FIG. 7, the information used to manage video title sets 72 is written in the video manager 71, which is composed of a plurality of files, starting with file #0. In each video title set 72, compressed video data, compressed audio data, compressed sub-picture data, and the reproducing information about these data items are as explained later. Each video title set is composed of a plurality of files 74. The number of video title sets 72 is limited to a maximum of 99. Furthermore, the number of files 74 (from file #j to file #j+9) constituting each video title set 72 is determined to be a maximum of 10. These files 72 are also aligned with the boundaries between logical sectors.

In the other recorded area 73, the information capable of utilizing the aforementioned video title sets 72 is recorded. The other recorded areas 73 are not necessarily provided.

As shown in FIG. 7, the video manager 71 contains at least three items each corresponding to individual files 74. Specifically, the video manager 71 is made up of video manager information (VMGI) 75, a video object set for video manager menu (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) 76, and backup of video manager information (VMGI.sub.-- BUP) 77. Here, the video manager information (VMGI) 75 and the backup of video manager information (VMGI.sub.-- BUP) 77 are determined to be indispensable items, and the video object set for video manager menu (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) 76 is determined to be an selection item. In the video object set 76 for VMGM, the video data, audio data, and sub-picture data about a menu of the volumes of the optical disk managed by the video manager 71 are stored.

By the video object set 76 for VMGM (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS), the volume name of the optical disk 10, the sound accompanying the volume name representation, and the description of the sub-picture are displayed. At the same time, selectable items are provided in the form of sub-pictures as in video reproduction explained later. For example, the video object set 76 for VMGM (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) indicates that the optical disk 10 contains the video data representing the matches a boxer played until he won a world championship. Specifically, a fighting pose of boxer X, together with a volume name, such as the glorious history of boxer X, is reproduced in the form of video data and, at the same time, his theme song is reproduced in sound and his chronological table is provided in a sub-picture. Furthermore, the user is asked which language option to select, English or Japanese, in doing the narration of the matches. At the same time, the user is asked whether a caption in another language should be provided in a sub-picture or which language option should be selected for a caption. Thus, for example, the VMGM video object set 76 (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) provides the user with preparations to watch a video of a match of boxer X in English speech with a sub-picture using Japanese captions.

Here, the structure of a video object set (VOBS) 82 will be described with reference to FIG. 8 which shows an example of a video object set (VOBS) 82. The video object set (VOBS) 82 comes in three types for two menus and a title. Specifically, the video object set (VOBS) 82 contains the video title set for video manager menu (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) 76, a video object set (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS) 95 (FIG. 20) for a menu in the video title sets 72, and a video object set (VTSTT.sub.-- VOBS) 82 for the titles of at least one video title set 72, in a video title set (VTS) 72 as explained later. Each video object set 82 has the same structure except that their uses differ.

As shown in FIG. 8, a video object set (VOBS) 82 is defined as a set of one or more video objects (VOB) 83. The video objects 83 in a video object set (VOBS) 82 are used for the same application. A video object set (VOBS) 82 for menus is usually made up of one video object (VOB) 83 and stores the data used to display a plurality of menu screens. In contrast, a video object set (VTSTT.sub.-- VOBS) 82 for title sets is usually composed of a plurality of video objects (VOB) 83.

When the aforementioned video of a boxing match is taken as an example, a video object (VOB) 83 corresponds to the video data of each match engaged by boxer X. Specifying a particular video object (VOB) 83 enables, for example, boxer X's eleventh match for a world championship to be reproduced on a video. The video object set (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS) 95 for a menu of the video title sets 72 contains the menu data for the matches played by boxer X. According to the presentation of the menu, a particular match, for example, boxer X's eleventh match for a world championship, can be specified. In the case of a usual single story movie, one video object (VOB) 83 corresponds to one video object set (VOBS) 82. One video stream is completed with one video object set (VOBS) 82. In the case of a collection of animated cartoons or an omnibus movie, a plurality of video streams each corresponding to individual stories are provided in a single video object set (VOBS) 82. Each video stream is stored in the corresponding video object 83. Accordingly, the audio stream and sub-picture stream related to the video stream are also completed with each video object (VOB) 83.

An identification number (IDN#j) is assigned to a video object (VOB) 83. Whereby the video object (VOB) 83 can be identified. A video object (VOB) 83 further comprises one or more such cells 84. Although a usual video stream is made up of a plurality of cells 84, a menu video stream, or a video object (VOB) 83 may be composed of one cell 84. A cell 84 is likewise assigned an identification number (C.sub.-- IDN#j). Whereby the cell 84 is identified. At the time of the change of the angle explained later, the angle is changed by specifying the cell number.

Here, the term angle is used to signify a change in an angle at which an object is viewed in the field of the films. In an example of a boxing match, angle signifies that the same knockout scene can be seen from different angles: e.g., a scene viewed from the champion, a scene viewed from the challenger, or a scene viewed from the judge. An angle may be selected by the user as he or she wishes, or the same scene may be repeated while the angle is being changed automatically as the story advances. Furthermore, the angle may be changed after the beginning of the same scene has been reached; e.g., the scene is changed the moment that the boxer dealt the opponent a counter and then a scene where the counter is dealt again is played. The angle may also be changed at the scene following the current scene; e.g., the angle is changed the moment that the boxer has dealt the opponent a counter. To achieve any angle change, a navigation pack explained in detail later is provided in a video object unit (VOBU) 85.

As shown in FIG. 8, each cell 84 is composed of one or more video object units (VOBU) 85, normally a plurality of video object units (VOBU) 85. Here, a video object unit (VOBU) 85 is defined as a pack train having a navigation pack (NV pack) 86
at its head. Specifically, a video object unit (VOBU) 85 is defined as a set of all the packs recorded, starting at a navigation pack (NV pack) 86 to immediately in front of the next navigation pack. The reproducing time of the video object unit (VOBU)
85 corresponds to the reproducing time of the video data made up of one or more GOP (Group of Pictures) contained in the video object unit (VOBU) 85 as shown in FIG. 9. The maximum reproducing time is determined to be 0.4 or more second and less than one second. In MPEG, one GOP is defined as compressed image data, which corresponds to about 15 frames to be played back for, usually, 0.5 second.

When the video data includes a video object unit as illustrated in FIG. 8, GOPs each composed of a video pack (V pack) 88, a sub-picture pack (SP pack) 90 and an audio pack (A pack) 91, all complying to the MPEG standards, are arranged, producing a video wide data stream. Regardless of the number of GOPs, a video object (VOBU) 83 is determined based on the time required for producing a GOP. The video object (VOBU) 83 has a navigation pack (NV) pack 86 arranged at its head. Any reproduced data, whether audio data, sub-picture data, or audio/sub-picture data, consists of one more video object units (VOB). Thus, even if a video object unit is composed of audio packs only, these audio packs will be reproduced within the time for reproducing the video object unit. The procedure of reproducing these packs will be explained later in detail, along with the procedure of reproducing the navigation pack (NV pack) 86.

The video manager 71 will be explained with reference to FIG. 7. The video manager information 75 placed at the head of the video manager 71 contains the information used to search for titles and the information used to manage the video title sets (VTS) 72 such as the information used for reproduction of a video manager menu. The video manager information 75 contains at least four tables 78, 79, 80, 81 in the order shown in FIG. 7. Each of these tables 78, 79, 80, 81 is aligned with the boundaries between logical sectors. A first table 78, a video manger information management table (VMGI.sub.-- MAT) 78 is a mandatory table in which the size of the video manager 71, the starting address of each piece of the information in the video manager 71, and the attribute information about the video object set (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) 76 for a video manager menu are written.

Written in a second table of the video manager 71, a title search pointer table 79 (TT.sub.-- SRPT), is an entry program chain (EPGC) of the video titles (VTS) 72 contained in the optical disk 10 that are selectable according to the entry of a title number from the key/display section 4 on the apparatus or the selection of a title number via the remote controller 5.

Here, a program chain 87 is a set of programs 89 that reproduce the story of a title as shown in FIG. 9. Continuous reproduction of a program chain 87 completes the movie of a title. Therefore, the user can start to see the movie from a particular scene of the movie by specifying an appropriate program 89.

In a third table of the video manager 71, a video title set attribution table (VTS.sub.-- ATRT) 80, the attribute information for video title sets (VTS) 72 in the volume of the optical disk 10 is written. Specifically, in this table 80, the following items are written as attribute information: the number of video title sets, video title set numbers, video attributes, such as a video data compression scheme, audio stream attributes, such as an audio coding mode, and sub-picture attributes, such as the type of sub-picture display.

Described in a video manager menu PGCI unit table (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 81, the fourth table of the video manager 71, is information about the video object set (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) 76 for the video manager menu.

The video manager menu PGCI unit table (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 81 is essential when the video manager menu (VMGM) is present in the video object set (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) 76 for the video manager menu.

The contents of the video manager information management table (VMGI.sub.-- MAT) 78 and the title search pointer table (TT.sub.-- SRPT) 79 will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 10, 11, 12, and 13.

As shown in FIG. 10, written in the video manager information management table (VMGI.sub.-- MAT) 78 are a video manager identifier (VMG.sub.-- ID), the size of video manager information (VMGI.sub.-- SZ) in logical blocks (as mentioned above one logical block contains 2048 bytes), the version number (VERN) of the optical disk 10 complying with the digital versatile disk video specification, and the category of video manager 71 (VMG.sub.-- CAT).

In the category of video manager 71 (VMG.sub.-- CAT), a flag indicates whether or not the DVD video directory prohibits copying. Also written in the table (VMGI.sub.-- MAT) are a volume set identifier (VLMS.sub.-- ID), the number of video title sets (VTS.sub.-- Ns), the identifier for a person supplying the data to be recorded on the disk (Provider Unique ID: PVR.sub.-- ID), a video manager menu video object set start address (VNGM.sub.-- VOBS.sub.-- SA), the end address (VMGI.sub.-- MAT.sub.-- EA) of a volume manager information management table (VMGI-MAT) 78, and the start address (TT.sub.-- SRPT.sub.-- SA) of a title search pointer table (TT.sub.-- SRPT) 79. The start address (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT.sub.-- SA) of the video manager menu PGCI unit table (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 81 is described in this table 78. When there is no video manager menu PGCI unit table (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 81, "00000000h" is described at the start address. The end address of VMGI.sub.-- MAT 78
(VMGI.sub.-- MAT.sub.-- EA) and the start address of TT.sub.-- SRPT (TT.sub.-- SRPT.sub.-- SA) 79 are represented by the number of logical blocks, relative to the first logical block.

Furthermore, in the table 78, the start address (VTS.sub.-- ATRT.sub.-- SA) of the attribute table (VTS.sub.-- ATRT) 80 of video title sets (VTS) 72 is represented by the number of bytes, relative to the first byte in the VMGI manager information table (VMGI.sub.-- MAT) 71, and the video attribute (VMGM.sub.-- V.sub.-- ATR) of the video manager menu (VMGM) is written. Further written in the table 78 are the number of audio streams (VMGM.sub.-- AST.sub.-- Ns) in the video manager menu (VMGM), the attributes of audio streams (VMGM.sub.-- AST.sub.-- ATR) in the video manager menu (VMGM), the number of sub-picture streams (VMGM.sub.-- SPST Ns) in the video manager menu (VMGM), and the attributes of sub-picture streams (VMGM.sub.-- SPST.sub.-- ATR) in the video manager menu (VMGM).

In the title search pointer table (TT.sub.-- SRPT) 79, as shown in FIG. 11, the title search pointer table information (TT.sub.-- SRPTI) is first written and then followed by as many consecutively written title search pointers for input numbers 1
to n (n.ltoreq.99) as are needed. When corresponding to only the reproducing data for one title (for example, when only the video data for one title is stored in the volume of the optical disk), only one title search pointer (TT.sub.-- SRP) 93 is written in the table (TT.sub.-- SRPT) 79.

As shown in FIG. 12, the title search pointer table information (TSPTI) 92 contains the number of title search pointers (TT.sub.-- Ns) and the end address (TT.sub.-- SRPT.sub.-- EA) of the title search pointer table (TT.sub.-- SRPT) 79. The address (TT.sub.-- SRPT.sub.-- EA) is represented by the number of bytes, relative to the first byte in the title search pointer table (TT.sub.-- SRPT) 79.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13, each title search pointer (TT.sub.-- SRP) 93 contains the number of part-of-titles (PTT.sub.-- Ns) as the number of chapters (programs), the video title set number (VTSN) the title number (VTS.sub.-- TTN) of the video title set 72, and the start address (VTS.sub.-- SA) of the video title set 72. The contents of the title search pointer (TT.sub.-- SRP) 93 specifies a video title set 72 to be reproduced and a location in which the video title set 72 is to be stored. The start address (VTS.sub.-- SA) of the video title set 72 is represented by the number of logical blocks in connection with the title set 72 specified by the video title set number (VTSN).

The details of what is described in the video manager menu PGCI unit table information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 81 will now be discussed with reference to FIGS. 14 through 19.

The video manager menu PGCI unit table information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 81 shown in FIG. 14 is essential when the video object set (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) 76 for the video manager menu is provided, and information about a program chain for reproducing the video manager menu (VMGM) provided for each language is described in this table 81. By referring to the video manager menu PGCI unit table (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 81, the program chain of the specified language in the video object set for VMG menu (VMGM.sub.-- VOBS) 76 can be acquired to be reproduced as a menu.

The video manager menu PGCI unit table (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 81 contains video manager menu PGCI unit table information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UTI) 81A, n video manager menu language unit search pointers (VMGM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- SRP) 81B, and n video manager menu language units (VMGM.sub.-- LU) 81C in the named order as shown in FIG. 14.

The video manager menu PGCI unit table information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UTI) 81A contains information about the table 81. The video manager menu language unit search pointers (VMGM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- SRP) 81B are described in the order associated having video manager menus #1 to #n which contain language codes and descriptions about the pointers to search for the video manager menu language units (VMGM.sub.-- LU) 81C. Described in each video manager menu language unit (VMGM.sub.-- LU)
81C are the category and start address of the program chain of the associated video manager menu.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 15, the video manager menu PGCI unit table information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UTI) 81A contains the number of the video manager menu language units (VMGM.sub.-- LU) 81C as a parameter (VMGM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- Ns) and the end address of the video manager menu language units (VMGM.sub.-- LU) 81C as a parameter (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT.sub.-- EA). As shown in FIG. 16, each video manager menu language unit search pointer (VMGM.sub.-- LU SRP) 81B contains a video manager menu language code as a parameter (VMGM.sub.-- LCD) and the start address of the associated video manager menu language unit (VMGM.sub.-- LU) 81C as a parameter (VMGM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- SA). Each video manager menu language unit (VMGM.sub.-- LU) 81C consists of video manager menu language unit information (VMGM.sub.-- LUI) 81D, video manager menu PGC information search pointers (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SRP) 81E and video manager menu PGC information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI) 81F in the named order as shown in FIG. 17. The video manager menu language unit information (VMGM.sub.-- LUI) 81D contains information about this table 81C. The video manager menu PGC information search pointers (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SRP) 81E are described in the order associated with the video manager menus #1 to #n and contain the categories of the program chains of the video manager menus and descriptions about the pointers to search for the video manager menu PGC information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI) 81F, described in the order associated with the video manager menus #1 to #n.

The video manager menu PGC information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI) 81F contains information about the program chain of the video manager menu or VMGM program chain information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI).

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 18, the video manager menu language unit information (VMGM.sub.-- LUI) 81D contains the number of pieces of the VMGM program chain information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI) 81f as a parameter (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- Ns) and the end address of the video manager menu language unit information (VMGM.sub.-- LUI) 81D as a parameter (VMGM.sub.-- LUI.sub.-- EA). As shown in FIG. 19, each video manager menu PGC information search pointer (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SRP) 81E contains the category of the program chain of the associated video manager menu as a parameter (VMGM.sub.-- PGC.sub.-- CAT) and the start address of the associated VMGM program chain information (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI) 81F as a parameter (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SA).

Described in the category (VMGM.sub.-- PGC.sub.-- CAT) of the program chain of the video manager menu are a flag indicating whether or not there is an entry of this PGC and a menu ID indicating if it is a menu. The menu ID indicates a title menu when it is "0010".

The structure of the logic format of the video title set 72 shown in FIG. 6 will be described with reference to FIG. 20. In each video title set (VTS) 72, four items are written in the order shown in FIG. 20. Each video title set (VTS) 72 is made up of one or more video titles having common attributes. The video title set information (VTSI) 94 contains the management information on the video titles, including the information on entry search points, the information on playback of video object sets 72, the information on playback of title set menus (VTSM), and the attribute information on video object sets 72.

Each video title set 72 is provided with the backup of the video title set information (VTSI.sub.-- BUP) 97. Between the video title set information (VTSI) and the backup of the information (VTSI.sub.-- BUP) 97, a video object set for video title set menus (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS) 95 and a video object set for video title set titles (VTSTT.sub.-- VOBS) 96 are arranged. Both of the video object sets (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS and VTSTT.sub.-- VOBS) 95, 96 have the structure shown in FIG. 8, as explained earlier.

The video title set information (VTSI) 94, the backup of the information (VTSI.sub.-- BUP) 97, and the video object set (VTSTT.sub.-- VOBS) 96 for video title set titles are items indispensable to the video title set 72. The video object set (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS) 96 for video title set menus is an option provided as the need arises.

The video title set information (VTSI) 94 consists of five tables as shown in FIG. 20. The five tables are forced to align with the boundaries between logical sectors. The video title set information management table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98, a first table, is a mandatory table, in which the size of the video title set (VTS) 72, the start addresses of each piece of information in the video title set (VTS) 72, and the attributes of the video object sets (VOBS) 96 in the video title set (VTS) 72
are written.

The video title set part of title search pointer table (VTS.sub.-- PTT.sub.-- SRPT) 99, a second table, is an optional table provided as the need arises. Written in the table 99 are the program chains (PGC) 87 and/or programs (PG) 89 contained in the video title set 72 that are selectable according to the entry of a title number from the key/display section 4 of the apparatus or the selection of a title number given via the remote controller 5.

The video title set program chain information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) 100, a third table, is a mandatory table, in which the VTS program chain information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) 104 is written. The video title set time map table (VTS.sub.-- TMAPT)
101, a fourth table, is an optional table provided as the need arises, in which is written information on the recording location, for a specific period of display time for of the video data in each program chain (PGC) 87 in the title set 72 to which the map table (VTS.sub.-- TMAPT) 101 belongs.

A video title set menu PGCI unit table (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 111, the fifth table, is an essential item when a video object set (VGSM.sub.-- VOBS) 95 for the video title set menu is provided. The video fifth set menu PGCI unit table contains information about a program chain for reproducing a video title set menu (VTSM) provided for each language. By referring to this video title set menu PGCI unit table (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 111, the program chain of the specified language in the video object set (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS) 95 can be acquired to be reproduced as a menu.

Next, the video title information management table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98 and video title set program chain information table (VTSI.sub.-- PGCIT) 100 shown in FIG. 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 21 to 30.

FIG. 21 shows the contents of the video title information management table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98, in which the video title set identifier (VTS.sub.-- ID), the size of the video title set 72 (VTS SZ), the version number of the DVD video specification (VERN), and the video title set category (VTS.sub.-- CAT) are written in that order. Furthermore, in the table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98, the start address (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS SA) of the video object set (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS) for VTS menus is expressed by a logical block relative to the first logical block in the video title set (VTS) 72. The start address (VTSTT.sub.-- VOB.sub.-- SA) of the video object 83 for titles in the video title set (VTS) 72 is expressed by a logical block (RLBN) relative to the first logical block in the video title set (VTS) 72.

Furthermore, in the table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98, the end address (VTSI.sub.-- MAT.sub.-- EA) of the video title set information management table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98 is represented by the number of blocks, relative to the first byte in the table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98 and the start address (VTS.sub.-- PTT.sub.-- SRPT.sub.-- SA) of the video title set part of title search pointer table (VTS.sub.-- PTT.sub.-- SRPT) 99 is represented by the number of blocks, relative to the first byte in the video title set information (VTSI) 94.

Still furthermore, in the table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98, the start address (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT.sub.-- SA) of the video title set program chain information table (PGCIT) 100 is expressed by the number of blocks, relative to the first byte of the video title set information (VTSI) 94, and the start address (VTS.sub.-- TMAPT.sub.-- SA) of the time search map (VTS.sub.-- TMAPT) 101 in the video title set (VTS) 72 is expressed by a logical sector relative to the first logical sector in the video title set (VTS) 72. This table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98 contains the start address (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT.sub.-- SA) of the video title set menu PGCI unit table (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI UT) in terms of the number of relative blocks from the top byte of the video title set information (VTSI) 94. When the video manager menu PGCI unit table (VMGM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 81 is not present, "00000000h" is described at the start address. Written in the table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98 are the video object set (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS)
95 for the video title set menu (VTSM) in the video title set (VTS) 72, the video attributes (VTS.sub.-- V.sub.-- ATR) of the video object set (VTSTT.sub.-- VOBS) 96 for the titles (VTSTT) in the video title set 72, and the number of audio streams (VTS.sub.-- AST.sub.-- Ns) in the video object set (VTSTT.sub.-- VOBS) 82 for the titles (VTSTT) for the video title sets 72. Here, the video attributes (VTS.sub.-- V.sub.-- ATR) include a video compression mode, a frame rate of the TV system, and an aspect ratio for displaying an image on a display unit.

Written in the table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98 are the audio stream attributes (VTS.sub.-- AST.sub.-- ATR) of the video object set (VTST.sub.-- VOBS) for the titles (VTSTT) in the video title set (VTS). The attributes (VTS.sub.-- AST.sub.-- ATR) include an audio encoding mode indicating how audio is encoded, the number of bits used to quantize audio, the number of audio channels and an audio language code.

Furthermore, written in the table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98 are the number (VTS.sub.-- SPST.sub.-- Ns) of sub-picture streams in the video object set 82 for the titles (VTSTT) in the video title set (VTS) 72 and the attributes (VTS.sub.-- SPST.sub.-- ATR) of each sub-picture stream. The attributes (VTR.sub.-- SPST.sub.-- ATR) for each sub-picture stream include a sub-picture coding mode, a sub-picture display type and a sub-picture language code.

Also written, in the table (VTSI.sub.-- MAT) 98 are the number (VTSM.sub.-- AST Ns) of audio streams in the video title set menu (VTSM), the audio stream attributes (VTSM AST.sub.-- ATR), the number (VTSM.sub.-- SPST Ns) of sub-picture streams, and the sub-picture stream attributes (VISM.sub.-- SPST.sub.-- ATR).

As shown in FIG. 22, each audio stream attribute (VTS.sub.-- AST.sub.-- ATR) of the video title set (VTS) contains the audio coding mode, the multichannel extension, the audio type, the audio application ID, quantization, the sampling frequency f.sub.s, and the number of audio channels from bit number b63 to bit number b48 with bit b51 reserved, and audio stream language codes as specific codes from bit number b47 to bit number b40 and from bit number b39 to bit number b32. Bit number b31 to bit number b24 of this audio stream attribute (VTS.sub.-- AST.sub.-- ATR) are reserved for specific codes. Bit number b23 to bit number b8 are reserved for the future use, and bit number b7 to bit number b0 describe application information. When the video object set (VTSM.sub.-- VOBS) 95 for the VTS menu is not present or that video object set contains no audio stream, "0" is described in each of the bits from bit number b63 to bit number b0.

Specific codes are described in bits b47 to b40 and b39 to b32 where a language code determined by ISO-639 is described as a language symbol when the audio stream type is a language or voice. When the audio stream type is not a language or voice, this area is reserved.

As shown in FIG. 23, each sub-picture stream attribute (VTS.sub.-- SPST.sub.-- ATR) of the video object set (VTST.sub.-- VOBS) 96 for VTSTT contains the sub-picture coding mode, sub-picture display type and sub-picture type from bit number b47 to bit number b40 with bit b44 reserved, and a language code of this sub-picture stream as specific codes from bit number b39 to bit number b32 and from bit number b31 to bit number b24. Bits b23 to b16 are reserved for specific codes. Bits b23 to b8 are reserved for the future use, and bits b15 to b8 describe the specific code extension. Further, bits b7 to b0 are reserved.

The VTS program chain information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) 100 has a structure as shown in FIG. 24. In the information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) 100, information on the VTS program chain (VTS.sub.-- PGC) is written, starting with information (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT.sub.-- I) 102 on the information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) 100 related to the VTS program chain (VTS.sub.-- PGC). In the information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) 100, the information (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT.sub.-- I) 102 is followed by a number of VTS.sub.-- PGCI search pointers (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT.sub.-- SRP) 103 each VTS.sub.-- PGCI equal to the number (#1 to #n) of VTS program chains in the information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) each VTS.sub.-- PGCI search pointer being used to search for VTS program chains (VTS.sub.-- PGC). At the end of the table, there are provided a number of information pieces (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) 104 on the respective VTS program chains (VTS.sub.-- PGC) equal to the number (from #1 to #n) of VTS program chains (VTS.sub.-- PGC).

The information (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT.sub.-- I) 102 in the VTS program chain information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) 100 contains the number (VTS.sub.-- PGC.sub.-- Ns) of VTS program chains (VTS.sub.-- PGC), as shown in FIG. 25. The end address (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT.sub.-- EA) of the table information (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT.sub.-- I) 102 is expressed by the number of bytes, relative to the first byte in the information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) 100.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 26, the VTS.sub.-- PGCIT search pointer (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT.sub.-- SRP) 103 contains the attributes (VTS.sub.-- PGC.sub.-- CAT) of the program chains (VTS.sub.-- PGC) in the video title set (VTS) 72 and the start address (VTS.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SA) of the VTS.sub.-- PGC information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) 104, the start address being expressed by the number of bytes relative to the first byte in the VTS.sub.-- PGC information table (VTS.sub.-- PGCIT) 100. Here, the VTS.sub.-- PGC attribute (VTS.sub.-- PGC.sub.-- CAT) is, for example, an attribute indicating whether an entry program chain (Entry PGC) is the first one to be reproduced. Usually, an entry program chain (PGC) is written before program chains (PGC) that are not entry program chains (PGC). Generally, program chains (PGC) are reproduced in the description order of VTS.sub.-- PGCIs as shown in FIG. 24.

The PGC information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) 104 in the video title set 72 contains four items as shown in FIG. 27. In the PGC information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) 104, the program chain general information (PGC.sub.-- GI) 105 on a mandatory item is first arranged, followed by at least three items that are made mandatory only when there is a video object 83. Specifically, contained as the three items in the PGC information (VTS.sub.-- PGCI) 104 are a program chain program map (PGC.sub.-- PGMAP) 106, a cell playback information table (C.sub.-- PBIT) 107, and a cell position information table (C.sub.-- POSIT) 108.

As shown in FIG. 28, the program chain general information (PGC.sub.-- GI) 105 contains the category (PGCI.sub.-- CAT) of the program chain 87, the contents (PGC.sub.-- CNT) of the program chain (PGC) 87, and the playback time of the program chain (PGC)87. Written in the category of PGC (PGCI.sub.-- CAT) are whether the PGC can be copied or not and whether the programs 89 in the PGC are played back continuously or at random. The contents of PGC (PGC.sub.-- CNT) contains the description of the program chain structure, that is, the number of programs 89, the number of cells 84, and the number of angles in the program chain 87. The playback time of PGC (PGC.sub.-- PB.sub.-- TIME) contains the total playback time of the programs 89 in the PGC. The playback time is the time required to continuously play back the programs 89 in the PGC, regardless of the playback procedure. When an angle mode is available, the playback time of angle cell number 1 is the playback time of the angle.

Furthermore, the program chain general information (PGC.sub.-- GI) 105 contains PGC sub-picture stream control (PGC.sub.-- SPST.sub.-- CTL), PGC audio stream control (PGC.sub.-- AST.sub.-- CTL), and PGC sub-picture pallet (PGC.sub.-- SP.sub.-- PLT). The PGC sub-picture stream control (PGC.sub.-- SPST.sub.-- CTL) contains the number of sub-pictures usable in the PGC 89 and the PGC audio stream control (PGC.sub.-- AST.sub.-- CTL) likewise contains the number of audio streams usable in the PGC
89. The PGC sub-picture palette (PGC.sub.-- SP.sub.-- PLT) contains a set of a specific number of color pallets used in all of the sub-picture streams in the PGC 89.

Furthermore, the PGC general information (PGC.sub.-- GI) 105 contains the start address (C.sub.-- PBIT.sub.-- SA) of the cell playback information table (C.sub.-- PBIT) and the start address (C.sub.-- POSIT.sub.-- SA) of the cell position information table (C.sub.-- POSIT) 108. Both of the start addresses (C.sub.-- PBIT.sub.-- SA and C.sub.-- POSIT.sub.-- SA) are represented by the number of logical blocks, relative to the first byte in the VTS.sub.-- PGC information (VTS PGCI) 105.

For a program chain (PGC) for a menu, as shown in FIG. 29, bit b31 of the category (PGC.sub.-- CAT) of the program chain describes a PGC entry or a non PGC entry as the entry type, bits b30 to b28 of are reserved for the future use, bits b27 to b24 describe a menu ID indicative of the type of the menu, bits b23 and b22 describe the PGC block mode, bits b21 and b20 describe the PGC block type, bits b19 to b16 describe the program playback control, bits b15 and b14 describe the copy flag, bits b13 and b12 describe the playback management, bits b11 to b8 describe the application type, and bits b7 to b0 are reserved for the future usage.

With regard to the menu ID, "00101" indicates a title menu for use in the video manager information menu (VMGM), "0011" indicates a root menu for use in the video title set menu (VTSM), "0100" indicates a sub-picture menu for use in the video title set menu (VTSM), "0101" indicates an audio menu for use in the video title set menu (VTSM), "0110" indicates an angle menu for use in the video title set menu (VTSM), and "0111" indicates a program menu for use in the video title set menu (VTSM).

When the category (PGC.sub.-- CAT) of the program chain (PGC) is a program chain (PGC) for a title, bits b30 to b24 describe the number of titles (VTS.sub.-- TTN), any of numbers 1 to 99, in this program chain (PGC), bits b15 to b8 describe the number of cells, any of 1 to 255, in this program chain (PGC), bits b7 to b4 are reserved for the future use, and bits b3 to b0 describe the number of angles, any one of 1 to 9, in the program chain (PGC).

The program chain program map (PGC.sub.-- PGMAP) 108 is a map showing the arrangement of the programs.sub.-- 89 in the PGC 87 of FIG. 31. In the map (PGC.sub.-- PGMAP) 106, the entry cell numbers (ECELLN), the start cell numbers of the individual programs 89, are written in ascending order as shown in FIGS. 31 and 32. In addition, program numbers are allocated, starting at 1, in the order in which the entry cell numbers are written. Consequently, the first entry number in the map (PGC.sub.-- PGMAP) 106 must be #1.

The cell playback information table (C.sub.-- PBIT) defines the order in which the cells 84 in the PGC 87 are played back. In the cell playback information table (C.sub.-- PBIT) 107, pieces of the cell playback information (C.sub.-- PBI) are written consecutively as shown in FIG. 33. Basically, cells 84 are played back in the order of cell number. The cell playback information (C.sub.-- PBIT) 108 contains a cell category (C.sub.-- CAT) as shown in FIG. 34. Written in the cell category (C.sub.-- CAT) are a cell block mode indicating whether a cell is in the block and if it is in the block, whether the cell is the first one, a cell block type indicating whether a cell 84 is not part of the block or is in an angle block, and an STC discontinuity flag indicating whether the system time clock (STC) must be set again.

An "angle block" of cells is defined as a set of cells 84 having a specific angle. The angle can be changed by replacing one angle block with another. In the case of a baseball video program, for example, an angle block representing a scene taken from the outfield may be replaced by an angle block representing a scene taken from the infield.

Further written in the cell category (C.sub.-- CAT) are a cell playback mode indicating whether the video object units (VOBU) 85 in the cell 84 are played back continuously or a picture is made still at one video object unit (VOBU) 85 to another in the cell 84, and cell navigation control indicating whether the picture is made still after the playback of the cell or indicating the rest time.

As shown in FIG. 34, the cell playback information table (C.sub.-- PBIT) 107 contains the cell playback time (C.sub.-- PBTN) representing the total playback time of the PGC 87. When the PGC 87 has an angle cell block, the playback time of the angle cell number 1 represents the playback time of the angle block.

Further written in the cell playback information table (C.sub.-- PBIT) 107 are the start addresses (C.sub.-- FVOBU.sub.-- SA and C.sub.-- LVOBU.sub.-- SA) of the first and last video object unit (VOBS) 85 in the cell 84 expressed by the number of logical sectors relative to the first logical sector in the video object unit (VOBS) 85 in which the cells 84 are written.

The cell position information table (C.sub.-- POSIT) 108 specifies the identification number (VOB.sub.-- ID) of the video object (VOB) 85 in the cell used in the PGC 87 and the identification number (Cell.sub.-- ID) of the cell 84. In the cell position information table (C.sub.-- POSIT) 108, pieces of the cell position information (C.sub.-- POSI) corresponding to the cell numbers written in the cell playback information table 107 (shown in FIG. 35) are written in the same order as in the cell playback information table (C.sub.-- PBIT) 107. The cell position information (C.sub.-- POSI) contains the identification number (C.sub.-- VOB.sub.-- IDN) of the video object unit (VOBS) 85 in the cell 84 and the cell identification number (C.sub.-- IDN), as shown in FIG. 36.

FIG. 37 shows the video title set menu PGCI unit table (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT) 111 of FIG. 20. This table describes language-by-language information of the video title set menu (VTSM). It consists of video title set menu PGCI unit table information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UTI) 111A, n video title set menu language unit search pointers (VTSM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- SRP) 111B and n video title set menu language units (VTSM.sub.-- LU) 111C in the named order, as shown in FIG. 37.

The video title set menu PGCI unit table information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UTI) 111A contains information of this table 111. The video title set menu language unit search pointers (VTSM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- SRP) 111B are described in the order associated with the video title set menus #1 to #n, and contain descriptions about the pointers to search for the video title set menu language units (VTSM.sub.-- LU) 111C described in the order associated with the video title set menus #1 to #n. Described in each video title set menu language unit (VTSM.sub.-- LU) 111C are the category and start address of the program chain of the associated video title set menu.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 38, the video title set menu PGCI unit table information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UTI) 111A contains the number of the video title set menu language units (VTSM.sub.-- LU) 111C as a parameter (VTSM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- Ns) and the end address of the video title set menu language units (VTSM.sub.-- LU) 111C as a parameter (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- UT.sub.-- EA). As shown in FIG. 39, each video title set menu language unit search pointer (VTSM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- SRP) 111B describes a video title set menu language code as a parameter (VTSM.sub.-- LCD) and the start address of the associated video title set menu language unit (VTSM.sub.-- LU) 111C as a parameter (VTSM.sub.-- LU.sub.-- SA). As shown in FIG. 40, each video title set menu language unit (VTSM.sub.-- LU) 111C consists of video title set menu language unit information (VTSM.sub.-- LUI) 111D, video title set menu PGC information search pointers (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SRP) 111E and video title set menu PGC information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI) 111F in the named order. The video title set menu language unit information (VTSM.sub.-- LUI) 111D contains information of this table 111C. The video title set menu PGC information search pointers (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SRP) 111E are described in the order associated with the video title set menus #1 to #n, and contain the categories of program chains of the video title set menus and descriptions about the pointers to search for the video title set menu PGC information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI) 111F described in the order associated with the video title set menus #1 to #n.

Each video title set menu PGC information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI) 111F contains information about the program chain of the associated video title set menu, i.e., VTSM program chain information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI).

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 41, the video title set menu language unit information (VTSM LUI) 111D contains the number of pieces of video title set menu PGC information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI) 111F as a parameter (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI Ns), and the end address of the video title set menu language unit information (VTSM.sub.-- LUI) 111D as a parameter (VTSM.sub.-- LUI.sub.-- EA). As shown in FIG. 42, each video title set menu PGC information search pointer (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SRP) 111E contains the category of the program chain of the associated video title set menu as a parameter (VTSM.sub.-- PGC.sub.-- CAT) and the start address of the associated video title set menu PGC information (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI) 111F as a parameter (VTSM.sub.-- PGCI.sub.-- SA).

Described in the category (VMGM.sub.-- PGC.sub.-- CAT) of the program chain of the video title set menu are a flag indicating whether or not there is an entry of this PGC and a menu ID indicating if it is a menu. The menu ID indicates a sub-picture menu when it is "0100," indicates an angle menu when it is "0110," and indicates a program menu when it is "0111."

As explained with reference to FIG. 8, a cell 84 is a set of video-object units (VOBU) 85. A video object unit 85 is defined as a pack train starting with a navigation (NAV) pack 86. Therefore, the start address (C.sub.-- FVOBU.sub.-- SA) of the first video object unit (VOBU) 85 in a cell 84 is the start address of the NAV pack 86. As shown in FIG. 43, the NAV pack 86 consists of a pack header 110, a system header 111, and two packets 116, 117 of navigation data; namely, a playback control information (PCI) packet 116 and a data search information (DSI) packet 117. As many bytes, as shown in FIG. 43, are allocated to the respective sections so that one pack may contain 2048 bytes corresponding to one logical sector. The NAV pack is provided immediately before the video pack 88, which contains the first data, item in the group of pictures (GOP). Even if the object unit 85 contains no video pack 88, the NAV pack 86 is positioned at the head of the object unit 85, provided that the object unit 85 contains an audio pack 91 and/or a sub-picture pack 90. Thus, even if object unit 85 contains no video pack, its playback time is determined on the basis of the time required for playing back a video pack 88, exactly in the same way as in the case where the unit 85 contains a video pack 88.

Here, GOP is defined as a data train constituting a screen determined in the MPEG standards. In other words, GOP is equivalent to compressed data, which may be expanded into image data representing a plurality of frames of a moving picture. The pack header 110 contains a pack starting code, a system clock reference (SCR), and a multiplex rate. The system header 111 contains a bit rate and a stream ID. The packet header 112, 114 of each of the PCI packet 116 and DCI packet 117 contains a packet starting code, a packet length, and a stream ID as determined in the MPEG2.

As shown in FIG. 44, another video, audio or sub-picture pack consists of a pack header 120, packet header 121, and a packet 122 containing the corresponding data as in the system layer 24. Its pack length is determined to be 2048 bytes. Each of these packs is aligned with the boundaries between logical blocks.

The PCI data (PCI) 113 in the PCI packet 116 is navigation data used to make a presentation, or to change the contents of the display, in synchronization with the playback of the video data in the VOB unit (VOBU) 85. Specifically, the PCI data (PCI) 113 contains PCI general information (PCI.sub.-- GI) as information on the entire PCI data 113 and angle information (NSML.sub.-- AGLI) as each piece of jump destination angle information during angle change, and highlight information (HLI) as shown in FIG. 45. The PCI general information (PCI.sub.-- GI) contains the address (NV.sub.-- PCK.sub.-- LBN) of the NV pack (NV.sub.-- PCK) 86 in which the PCI data is recorded as shown in FIG. 28, the address being expressed in the number of blocks, relative to the VOBU logical sector in which the PCI data is recorded. The PCI general information (PCI.sub.-- GI) contains the category of VOBU (VOBU.sub.-- CAT), the start PTS of VOBU 85 (VOBU.sub.-- SPTS), and the end PTS of VOBU 85 (VOBU.sub.-- EPTS). Here, the start PTS of VOBU 85 (VOBU.sub.-- SPTS) indicates the playback start time (start presentation time stamp (SPTS)) of the video data in the VOBU 85 containing the PCI data. The playback-start time is the playback start time of the first picture in the first GOP in the VOBU 85. Normally, the first picture corresponds to I picture (intra-picture) data in the MPEG standards. The end PTS (VOBU.sub.-- EPTS) in the VOBU 85 indicates the playback end time (end presentation time stamp (EPTS)) of the video data in the VOBU 85 containing the PCI data. The playback end time is the playback start time of the last picture in the last GOP in the VOBU 85.

The angle information (NSML.sub.-- AGLI) contains as many start addresses (NSML.sub.-- AGL.sub.-- C.sub.-- DSTA) of the angle cells at jump destinations as the number of angles, as shown in FIG. 47. Each of the start addresses is represented by a logical sector relative to the logical sector of the NV pack 86 in which the PCI data is recorded. When the angle is changed on the basis of the angle information (NSML.sub.-- AGLI), the angle information (NSML.sub.-- AGLI) contains either the start address of the VOBU in another angle block whose playback time is equal to that of the VOBU 85 in which the PCI data is recorded as shown in FIG. 48, or the start address (NSML.sub.-- AGL.sub.-- C.sub.-- DSTA) of the VOBU 85 in another angle block whose playback time is closest to the preceding one.

According to the description of the start address (NSML.sub.-- AGL.sub.-- C.sub.-- DSTA) of such an angle cell, the angle is changed in a concrete example as follows. Assuming that a series of consecutive scenes where in a baseball game, the pitcher throws a ball, the batter hits the ball, and the ball lands in the stands, the change of the angle will be explained. An angle cell (ANG-C#j) can be changed on a video object unit (VOBU) 85 basis as shown in FIG. 48. In FIG. 48, the video object units (VOBU) 85 are assigned numbers in the order of playback. The video object unit (VOBU#n) 85 corresponding to playback number n of an angle cell (ANG.sub.-- C#j) stores the video data for a different scene which is contemporary with or immediately preceding that for which the video data is stored in the video object unit (VOBU#n) 85 with playback number n corresponding to another angle cell (ANG.sub.-- C#1) or angle cell (ANG-C#9). It is assumed that in an angle cell (ANG.sub.-- C#j), VOBUs are arranged consecutively as video data used to show on the screen the whole view including the pitcher and batter and a series of actions. It is also assumed that in angle cell (ANG C#1), VOBUs are arranged consecutively as video data used to show only the batter on the screen to view the batting form of the batter, and that in angle cell (ANG.sub.-- C#9), VOBUs are arranged consecutively as video data used to show only the expression of the pitcher on the screen. When the user is viewing angle cell #j (ANG.sub.-- C#i) and changes to angle cell #1 the moment the batter hit the ball, that is, changes to the angle at which only the batter is shown, at the moment the batter made a hit, this switches to a screen where the batter starts swinging a bat before making the hit, not to a screen showing only the batter after he made a hit. Furthermore, when the user is viewing angle cell #j (ANG.sub.-- C#i) and changes to angle cell #9 the moment the batter hit the ball, that is, changes to the angle at which only the pitcher is shown, at the moment the batter made a hit, this causes the pitcher's expression at the moment the batter made a hit to appear on the screen, enabling the user to read a change in the pitcher's mental state in his expression.

Highlight information (HLI) is information for highlighting one rectangular area in a sub-picture display area. The mixing ratio (contrast) of the color and the video of the sub-picture of the specific rectangular area in the sub-picture display area is described. As shown in FIG. 49, the highlight information is commonly valid for all sub-picture streams to be reproduced within the valid period. For instance, when the video and the sub-picture and the highlight information are mixed, a mixing picture as shown in FIG. 50 is displayed on the monitor section 6.

As shown in FIG. 51, the highlight information describes highlight general-information (HL.sub.-- GI) 113A, button-color information table (BTN.sub.-- COLIT) 113B and button-information table (BTNIT) 113C. As shown in FIG. 52, the button-color information table (BTN.sub.-- COLIT) 113B describes three button color information items (BTN.sub.-- COLI) 113D, 113E, 113F, and the button-information table (BTNIT) 113C describes 36 button information items IBTNI) 113I at the maximum.

For instance, as shown in FIG. 52, 36 button information items (BTNI) 113I are described by three group modes composed by specifying button groups of one group mode made up of 36 button information, two group modes formed of 18 button information, and three group modes composed of 12 button information.

The highlight general-information (HL.sub.-- GI) 113A is information of the entire highlight information. As shown in FIG. 53, the highlight general-information (HL.sub.-- GI) 113A describes status of highlight information (HLI.sub.-- SS), start PTM of HLI (HLI.sub.-- S.sub.-- PTM), end PTM of HLI (HLI.sub.-- E.sub.-- PTM), end PTM of button select (BTM.sub.-- SL.sub.-- E.sub.-- PTM), mode of button (BTM.sub.-- MD), button start number (BTN.sub.-- SN), number of valid buttons (BTN.sub.-- Ns), number of numerical select buttons (NSBTN.sub.-- Ns), forcedly selected button number (FSLBTN.sub.-- N), and forced activated button number (FACBTN.sub.-- N).

The status of highlight information (HLI.sub.-- SS) describes the status of the highlight information in corresponding PCI. For instance, in the case of "00", the status of highlight information (HLI.sub.-- SS) describes no valid highlight information. In the case of "01", the status of highlight information (HLI.sub.-- SS) describes different highlight from the highlight information of the VOBU. In the case of "10", the status of highlight information (HLI.sub.-- SS) describes the same highlight information as the highlight information of the VOBU. In the case of "11", the status of highlight information (HLI.sub.-- SS) describes the highlight information containing difference from the highlight information of the VOBU only from button command.

The start PTM of highlight information (HLI.sub.-- S.sub.-- PTM) describes the start PTM of the highlight in which the corresponding highlight information becomes valid (start presentation time (SPTM)). The start PTM of the highlight becomes the display start time or more of the sub-picture stream in which the highlight information becomes an object. When HLI.sub.-- SS is "01", the highlight start time of highlight information which is renewed during the presentation period of VOBU in which the PCI is included is described. When HLI.sub.-- SS is "10" or "11", the highlight start time of highlight information used continuously during the presentation period of VOBU in which the PCI is included is described.

The end PTM of highlight information (HLI.sub.-- E.sub.-- PTM) describes the end PTM of the highlight information in which the highlight information becomes invalid. The end PTM of highlight information becomes the display end time or less of the sub-picture stream in which the highlight information becomes an object. When HLI.sub.-- SS is "01", the highlight termination time of highlight information which is renewed during the presentation period of VOBU in which the PCI is included is described. When HLI.sub.-- SS is "10" or "11", the highlight termination time of highlight information used continuously during the presentation period of VOBU in which the PCI is included is described. When HLI.sub.-- SS is used during the still state, the end PTM of highlight information (HLI.sub.-- E.sub.-- PTM) shall describe (FFFFFFFFh).

End PTM of button select (BTN SL.sub.-- E.sub.-- PTM) describes the end PTM of the button select. The end PTM of the button select becomes the display end time or less of the sub-picture stream in which the highlight information becomes an object. When HLI.sub.-- SS is "01", the button select termination time of highlight information which is renewed during the presentation period of VOBU in which the PCI is included is described. When HLI.sub.-- SS is "10" or "11", the button select termination time of highlight information used continuously during the presentation period of VOBU in which the PCI is included is described. When highlight information is used during the still state, the button select termination time (BTN.sub.-- SL.sub.-- E.sub.-- PTM) shall describe (FFFFFFFFh).

The mode of button (BTN.sub.-- MD) describes grouping of the buttons and the display type of the sub-picture corresponding to each group. For instance, the mode of button (BTN.sub.-- MD) describes number of button groups (BTNGR.sub.-- Ns), display type of sub-picture corresponding to the button group 1 (BTNGR1.sub.-- DSPTY), display type of sub-picture corresponding to the button group 2 (BTNGR2.sub.-- DSPTY) and display type of sub-picture corresponding to the button group 3
(BTNGR3.sub.-- DSPTY). The number of the button groups (BTNGR.sub.-- Ns) is one group in the case of "01", 2 groups in the case of "10", and three groups in the case of "11". The display type is wide (9/16) in the case of "01", letter box in the case of "10", and pan-scan in the case of "11".

The button start number (BTN.sub.-- SN) describes initial button offset number in button groups. The offset number can be described in a range of 1 to 255. The button start number (BTN.sub.-- SN) is commonly applied to each button group.

The number of valid buttons (BTN.sub.-- Ns) describes the number of valid buttons in the button groups. The number of the buttons can be described "a range of 1 to 36 when there is one button group, 1 to 18 when there are two button groups, and
1 to 12 when there are three button groups. The number of valid buttons (BTN.sub.-- Ns) is commonly applied to each button group.

The number numerical select of buttons (NSBTN.sub.-- Ns) describes the number of the buttons, which can be selected, by the button number in the button groups. The number of the buttons can be described 1 to 36 when there is one button group, 1
to 18 when there are two button groups, and 1 to 12 when there are three button groups. The button start number (NSBTN.sub.-- Ns) is commonly applied to each button group.

The forcedly selected button number (FSLBTN.sub.-- N) describes the button number which is forcedly selected at the highlight start time (HLI.sub.-- S.sub.-- PTM). Even when the presentation starts during the highlight information validity period, the button number set at highlight information is to be selected. The button number can be described as 1 to 36 and 63 where there is one button group, 1 to 18 and 63 when there are two button groups, and 1 to 12 and 63 when there are three button groups. The forcedly selected button number (FSLBTN.sub.-- N) is commonly applied to each button group.

The forcedly activated button number (FACBTN.sub.-- N) describes the button number which is forcedly activated at the end PTM of button select (BTN.sub.-- SL.sub.-- E.sub.-- PTM). The button number can be described as 1 to 36 and 63 when there is one button group, 1 to 18 and 63 when there are two button groups, and 1 to 12 and 63 when there are three button group. The forcedly activated button number (FACBTN.sub.-- N) is commonly applied to each button group.

Button color information table (BTN.sub.-- COLIT) 113B describes, as shown in FIG. 54, three button color information (BTN.sub.-- COLI) 113D, 113E and 113F. The button color number (BTN.sub.-- COLN) is allocated from "1" in the describing the sequence of the button color information (BTN.sub.-- COLI1) 113D. As shown in FIG. 54, selection color information (SL.sub.-- COLI) 113G and action color information (AC.sub.-- COLI) 113H are described in the button color information (BTN.sub.-- COLI)
113D. The color and contrast, which are altered when the button is selected, is described in the selection color information (SL.sub.-- COLI) 113G. The color and contrast, which are altered when the button is activated, are described in the action color information (AC.sub.-- COLI) 113H. The button selection status is the status in which the selection color is displayed. At the time of this status, the user can change the highlighted button to another button. The button action status is the status in which the action color is displayed and the button command is executed. At the time of this status, the user is not able to change the highlighted button to the other button.

As shown in FIG. 55, emphasis pixel-2 selection color code, emphasis pixel-2 selection color code, pattern pixel selection color code, background pixel selection color code, emphasis pixel-2 selection contrast, emphasis pixel-1 selection contrast, pattern pixel selection contrast, background pixel selection contrast are described in the selection color information (SL.sub.-- COLI) 113G.

As shown in FIG. 56, emphasis pixel-2 action color code, emphasis pixel-2 action color code, pattern pixel action color code, background pixel action color code, emphasis pixel-2 action contract, emphasis pixel-1 action contrast, pattern pixel action contrast, background pixel action contrast are described in the action color information (SL.sub.-- COLI) 113G.

As shown in FIG. 57, 36 button information (BTNI) 113I are described in button information table (BTNIT) 113C. The button information (BTNI) 113I can be utilized as three modes: a one group mode in which all 36 button information (BTNI)113I become valid in the describing sequence of the button information table (BTNIT), a two group mode in which 18 units of button information (BTNI) 113I are grouped, and a three group mode in which 12 units of button information (BTNI) 113I are grouped according to the described content of the number of button groups (BTNGR.sub.-- Ns). Since the describing area of the button information (BTNI) 113I of each group mode is stationary, zero is used to describe the areas in which valid button information (BTNI) 113I does not exist. The button number (BTNN) is allocated from "1" in the describing sequence of the button information (BTNI) 113I in each button group.

The user number specifiable buttons in the button group are the numbers of the values described from BTN.sub.-- #1 to NSBTN.sub.-- Ns.

As shown in FIG. 57, the button information (BTNI) 113I describes button position information (BTN.sub.-- POSI) 113J, adjacent button position information (AJBTN.sub.-- POSI) 113K and button command (BTN.sub.-- CMD) 113L.

As shown in FIG. 58, the color numbers (1-3) used for the buttons and the display rectangular area on the video display screen are described in the button position information (BTN.sub.-- POSI) 113J. The button color number of the button (BTN.sub.-- COLN), start X-coordinate of the rectangular area displayed by the button (start X-coordinate), end X-coordinate of the rectangular area display by the button (end X-coordinate), start Y-coordinate of the rectangular area displayed by the button (start Y-coordinate), end Y-coordinate of the rectangular area displayed by the button and auto action mode (auto action mode) are described in the button position information (BTN.sub.-- POSI) 113J. The auto action mode describes whether an selection status is not maintained, or describes whether an selection status or activated state is maintained.

The adjacent button position information (AJBTYN.sub.-- POSI) 113K describes whether or not the button to be the button number disposed in four directions of upward, downward, rightward and leftward directions has an selection status. The button having no selection status is a button in which, when the button is moved to the button of the object, the button is immediately transferred to the action state without becoming the selection status. For example, the upper button number, the lower button number, the left button number and the right button number are described. It corresponds to the designation of the select key 5m.

The button command (BTN.sub.-- CMD) 113L describes the command to be executed when the button is activated. A program for transferring, for example, to another selection screen or a program chain for reproducing a title is designated according to the command.

The DSI data (DSI) 115 in the DSI packet 117 shown in FIG. 43 is the navigation data used to search for a VOB unit (VOBU) 85. The DSI data (DSI) 115 contains the DSI general information (DSI.sub.-- GI), angle information (SML.sub.-- AGLI), VOB unit search information (VOBU.sub.-- SRI), and the synchronizing playback information (SYNCI), as shown in FIG. 59.

The DSI information (DSI.sub.-- GI) contains information about the entire DSI data 115. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 60, the DSI general information (DSI.sub.-- GI) contains the system clock reference for the NV pack (NV.sub.-- PCK.sub.-- SCR)
86. The system clock reference (NV.sub.-- PCK.sub.-- SCR) is stored in the system time clock (STC) 54A, 58A, 60A or 62A built in each section of FIG. 1. On the basis of the STC 54A, 58A, 60A, 62A, video, audio, and sub-picture packs are decoded at the video, audio, and sub-picture decoders 58, 60, and 62 and the monitor 6 and the speaker 8 reproduce images and sound, respectively. The DSI general information (DSI.sub.-- GI) contains the start address (NV.sub.-- PCK.sub.-- LBN) of the NV pack (NV.sub.-- .sub.-- PCK) 86 containing the DSI data expressed by the number of logical sectors (RLSN), relative to the first logical sector in the VOB set (VOBS) 82 containing the DSI, and the address (VOBU.sub.-- EA) of the last pack in the VOB unit (VOBU) 85 containing the DSI data expressed by the number of logical sectors (RLSN), relative to the first logical sector in the VOB unit (VOBU) 85.

Furthermore, the DSI general information (DSI.sub.-- GI) contains the end address (VOBU.sub.-- IP.sub.-- EA) of the V pack (V.sub.-- PCK) 88 containing the last data item for the first I picture in the VOB unit (VOBU) expressed by the number of logical sectors (RLSN), relative to the first logical sector in the VOB unit (VOBU) 85 containing the DSI data, and the identification number (VOBU.sub.-- IP.sub.-- EA) of the VOB 83 containing the DSI and the identification number (VOBU.sub.-- C.sub.-- IDN) of the cell 84 in which the DSI data is recorded.

Like the angle information (NSML.sub.-- AGLI) in PCI 113, the angle information (SML.sub.-- AGLI) contains as many start addresses (SML.sub.-- AGL.sub.-- C.sub.-- DSTA) of angle cells at jump destinations as the number of angles, as shown in FIG.
61. Each of the start addresses is represented by a logical sector relative to the logical sector in the NV pack 86 in which the DSI 115 is recorded. When the angle is changed on the basis of the angle information (SML.sub.-- AGLI), the angle information (SML.sub.-- AGLI) contains the start address of the cell 84 in another angle block after the playback time of the VOBU 85 in which the DSI data 115 is recorded, as shown in FIG. 62.

When the angle information (SML.sub.-- AGLI) in DSI data 113 is used, the angle is changed, cell by cell, whereas PCI can be changed on the basis of a video object unit (VOBU) 85. Namely, consecutive changes of the angle are described in the angle information (SML.sub.-- AGLI) in DSI data 115, (e.g., FIG. 48) whereas discontinuous changes of the angle are described in the angle information (SML.sub.-- AGLI) in PCI data 113 (e.g., FIG. 62). In the above example of baseball, the angle is changed as follows. It is assumed that angle cell #j (AGL.sub.-- C#j) 84 contains a stream of video data for a series of scenes where the pitcher throws a ball, the batter hits the ball, and the ball lands in the stands, filmed from the infield, and that angle cell #1 contains a stream of video data for a series of the same scenes filmed